英语不规则动词可以根据其过去式和过去分词的构成方式分为几种类型。以下是一些常见的不规则动词及其变化形式:
AAA型:
原形、过去式和过去分词都相同。
cost: cost cost cost
cut: cut cut cut
hit: hit hit hit
hurt: hurt hurt hurt
let: let let let
put: put put put
read: read read read
set: set set set
shut: shut shut shut
spread: spread spread spread
thrust: thrust thrust thrust
upset: upset upset upset
AAB型:
原形与过去式同形,过去分词不同。
beat: beat (past tense) / beaten (past participle)
ABA型:
原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同。
come: come (past tense) / came (past participle)
become: become (past tense) / became (past participle)
overcome: overcome (past tense) / overcame (past participle)
ABB型:
原形不同,过去式和过去分词相同。
在动词原形后加一个辅动词d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。
其他例如:
feel: felt / felt
sleep: slept / slept
leave: left / left
smell: smelt / smelt
keep: kept / kept
creep: crept / crept
kneel: knelt / knelt
sweep: swept / swept
spell: spelt / spelt
weep: wept / wept
catch: caught / caught
fight: fought / fought
teach: taught / taught
think: thought / thought
stand: stood / stood
lay: laid / laid
understand: understood / understood
pay: paid / paid
bleed: bled / bled
say: said / said
feed: fed / fed
stick: stuck / stuck
lead: led / led
strike: struck / struck
meet: met / met
tell: told / told
learn: learnt / learned
sell: sold / sold
win: won / won
burn: burnt / burnt
wind: wound / wounded
have: had / had
deal: dealt / dealt
hear: heard / heard
mean: meant / meant
lean: leant / leant
dream: dreamt / dreamt
bend: bent / bent
shine: shone / shone
build: built / built
shoot: shot / shot
lend: lent / lent
show: showed / shown
spend: spent / spent
flee: fled / fled
sit: sat / sat
speed: sped / speeded
lose: lost / lost
speed: speeded / speeded
dig: dug / dug
spit: spat / spat
hold: held / held
get: got / gotten (AmE)
bring: brought / brought
find: found / found
light: lit / lit
make: made / made
light: lighted / lighted
buy: bought / bought
ABC型:
现在式、过去式、过去分词都不同。
drive: drive / drove / driven
blow: blow / blew / blown
rise: rise / rose / risen
fly: fly / flew / flown
wake: wake / woke / woken
grow: grow / grew / grown
do: do / did / done
know: know / knew / known
go: go / went / gone
throw: throw / threw / thrown
see: see / saw / seen
prove: prove / proved / proven
eat: eat / ate / eaten
break: break / broke / broken
fall: fall / fell / fallen