20以内连加连减的计算方法如下:
连加方法
从左到右依次计算,如果加数能够凑十,则使用凑十法简化计算。例如:
\(2 + 6 + 4 + 8 = (2 + 8) + (6 + 4) = 10 + 10 = 20\)
凑十法:将能够凑成10的数放在一起加,例如:
\(8 + 7 + 5 = 8 + 2 + 5 + 5 = 10 + 10 = 20\)
连减方法
从左到右依次计算,如果个位数不够减,则使用破十法。例如:
\(18 - 2 - 3 - 5 = 18 - (2 + 3 + 5) = 18 - 10 = 8\)
破十法:如果个位数不够减,则从高一位借位,例如:
\(12 - 7 - 6 = 12 - 3 - 3 - 6 = 9 - 3 - 6 = 6 - 6 = 0\)
练习题
1. \(8 + 7 - 9 = 9 + 6 - 3 = 10 + 1 - 8 = 6 + 3 - 8 = 9 + 2 - 1 = 3 + 9 - 6 = 9 + 8 - 1 = 9 + 9 - 2 = 9 + 7 - 4 = 7 + 9 - 3 = 5 + 5 - 9 = 7 + 8 - 5 = 7 + 3 - 7 = 2 + 8 - 7 = 1 + 3 - 2 = 4 + 2 - 1 = 4 + 8 - 2 = 10 + 7 - 5 = 5 + 2 - 10 = 8 + 5 - 5 = 6 + 4 - 2 = 2 + 8 - 6 = 7 + 7 - 3 =\)
2. \(4 + 7 + 9 = 20 - 7 - 7 = 8 + 7 + 5 = 4 + 5 + 10 = 1 + 3 + 4 = 6 + 4 + 4 = 8 - 3 - 4 = 3 + 7 + 8 = 3 + 6 + 6 = 19 - 2 - 4 = 13 - 8 - 3 = 3 + 9 + 3 = 12 - 5 - 7 = 17 - 9 - 5 = 2 + 9 + 4 = 16 - 3 - 9 = 2 + 5 + 6 = 17 - 6 - 3 = 19 - 1 - 2 = 9 + 1 + 10 = 3 + 9 + 8 = 2 + 10 + 7 = 20 - 9 - 6 = 7 + 9 + 4 = 6 + 5 + 6 =\)
通过反复练习,可以加深对20以内连加连减计算的理解和掌握。