在定语从句中,"that"作为关系代词的使用情况如下:
不定代词:
当先行词为anything, everything, nothing, all, few, much, several等不定代词时,只能使用"that"。
例句:
Is there anything that I can do for you?
She has everything that she needs for the trip.
形容词最高级:
当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时,只能使用"that"。
例句:
This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.
He is the best student that our class has ever had.
序数词:
当先行词是序数词修饰时,只能使用"that"。
例句:
She is the first person that ever visited our country.
He is the second one to arrive.
特定限定词:
当先行词被the only, the very, the just等限定词修饰时,只能使用"that"。
例句:
He is the very man that I saw yesterday.
This is the only book that I have read this month.
既指人又指物:
当先行词既指人又指物时,可以使用"that"。
例句:
The man and his dog that were lost in the forest have been found.
主句以who或which开头:
当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时,定语从句用"that"引导,避免重复。
例句:
Who is the boy that is wearing a red shirt?
Which book is the one that you want to borrow?
总结:
在定语从句中,"that"的使用受到先行词类型和句子结构的限制。不定代词、形容词最高级、序数词、特定限定词以及既指人又指物的先行词通常只能与"that"搭配使用。此外,当主句以who或which开头时,也需使用"that"来引导定语从句。